|aAn answer to the question : "what is enlightenment?" / Immanuel Kant -- Excerpt from Philosophy of right / G.W.F. Hegel -- Excerpt from On liberty / John Stuart Mill -- Excerpt from The phantom public / Walter Lippmann -- Excerpt from The public and its problems / John Dewey -- Excerpt from Capitalism, socialism, and democracy / Joseph A. Schumpeter -- Excerpt from The crisis of parliamentary democracy / Carl Schmitt -- Excerpt from The human condition / Hannah Arendt -- The public sphere : an encyclopedia article / Jurgen Habermas -- Excerpt from Public sphere and experience / Oskar Negt and Alexander Kluge -- Rethinking the public sphere : a contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy / Nancy Fraser -- The market and the forum : three varieties of political theory / John Elster -- Societal complexity and public opinion / Niklas Luhmann -- Excerpt from Between facts and norms : contributions to a discourse theory of law and democracy / Jurgen Habermas -- The idea of public reason revisited / John Rawls -- National and transnational public spheres / Bernhard Peters -- Expanding dialogue : the Internet, public sphere, and transnational democracy / James Bohman -- Deliberative democracy or agonistic pluralism? / Chantal Mouffe -- Excerpt from The claims of culture : equality and diversity in the global era / Seyla Benhabib -- Religion in the public sphere / Jurgen Habermas.