This Encyclopedia, arranged alphabetically, contains 152 articles on national systems of education. The reviews are all structured in the same way, providing the following information. • general background information, eg. geographical, social structure, economic factors. • politics and goals of the educational system. • the formal structure of education. • administrative and supervisory structure. • educational finance. • personnel for the education system. • curriculum development. • examinations, promotion and certification. • educational assessment, evaluation and research. • review of the major reforms in the 1980s and early 1990s. • problems for the year 2000. • references and further reading. • author index. This new Encyclopedia draws upon articles in The International Encyclopedia of Education, Second Edition, (described

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